Part Of Health Life

Benefits of ginger


ginger rhizome plants are very popular as a spice and medicine. rhizome form bulging fingers in the joints are. dominant peppery flavors because compounds called ketones zingeron. not only zingeron, there are also compound oleoresin (gingerol, shogaol), compounds that contribute paradol this spicy flavor.



zingeron (4 - (4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-butanone) zingeron has a molecular weight of 194, 22 g / mol, a melting point of 40-410C and 187-1880c boiling point at 14 mm Hg. large molecular weight and polar carbonyl group in the chain make zingeron molecules attract each other strongly. finally, zingeron not easily evaporate. zingeron smell of ginger is not strong but give a sense of the hydrocarbon tail current ginger contact with its receptor. zingeron used as artificial flavorings (www. ch. ic. ac. uk/local/projects/lyerwebsite5/spice. html). zingeron is a β blockers;-adrenoceptor that it can inhibit the oxidation of lipids. This has resulted zingeron cardioprotective effect can be used as a drug to a variety of cardiovascular penyakitt. zingeron also has antioxidant activity as beneficial to human life (www. ch. ic. ac. uk/local/projects/lyerwebsite5/medicine. html).

Ginger is the rhizome of the plant Zingiber officinale roscoe scientific name. ginger plants come from Asia Pacific as well as the spread from India to China. world trade, according to the place of origin of planting ginger, ginger demonstrated africa, ginger or ginger jamika chochin. 250 years since then, in china ginger has been used as a kitchen and medicinal herbs. in Malaysia, the Philippines, and Indonesia ginger is widely used as a traditional medicine. but in Europe in the Middle Ages, ginger is used as a flavor in the beer.

ginger often we encounter daily. much that we can avail of the use of ginger. one of them as seasoning, flavor concentrates, and flavor in bread, cake, biscuit, confectionery, and a variety of beverages (bandrek, sekoteng, and syrup). Ginger can also be used in traditional medicine as a cure headache, cough medicine, cold, to cure the problems of the digestive tract, stimulant, diuretic, arthritis, pain relief, anti-nausea medications as well as motion sickness, carminative (gas issuing from the stomach), cholera , diarrhea, sore throat, diphtheria, neuropathy, as an antidote to snake venom as well as external medicine to cure itchy insect bites, sprains, swelling and bruising.

ginger, so we are familiar, to any place in Indonesia has its own designation for ginger. the names of such places for the ginger rhizome (Aceh), bahing (batak karo), sipadeh or sipodeh (West Sumatra), jahi (Lampung), Jae (Java), ginger (Sunda), jhei (Madura), pese (bugis ), and anaesthetized (Irian).

scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
(Not counted) monocots
(Not counted) commelinids
Order: zingiberales
family: Zingiberaceae
genus: Zingiber
species: z. officinale
binomial name
Zingiber officinale

Zingiber officinale is a chronic herbaceous plants that grow wild in the fields of soil moisture levels, and receive a lot of sunlight year-old and can. upright stem is composed of elongated flat leaf blade with a pointed tip, fibrous roots and bulbous with horizontal rhizomes. This quasi-trunked shrub can reach 30 cm high - m. rhizome Jehe somewhat thin-skinned tuber that has a wrap meat and brown fiber flavorful typical. elliptic leaf shape and not width. single leaf, a lancet with a length at 15-28 mm. flowers composed of bunches of flowers in the form of a cone with a yellowish-white petals. 2 flowers have sex with stamens and pistil flowers 3. The flowers appear in axillary panicles in a sitting position. Ginger is generally planted on the lowlands to the highlands (where subtropical and tropical) at an altitude of 1500 m above sea level. because ginger can only survive in tropical places, planting only bsia done in southeast asia are like the equator, Brazil, and Africa. This is now Equador and Brazil so the world's largest supplier of ginger.

varieties of ginger
there are three types of ginger is popular in the market, namely:
a. ginger / ginger rhino
Ginger is a well-liked in the international market. has the form of a big fat and not too spicy feel. rhizome flesh yellow to white.
b. yellow ginger
Ginger is widely used as a spice in cooking, especially for local consumption. fairly sharp flavor and aroma. the size of the center with yellow rhizome.
c. red ginger
This type of ginger has a high content of essential oils and the flavor is very spicy, so fitting for pharmaceutical basic ingredients and herbs. rhizome size very small in red. with the larger fibers compared regular ginger.


according to Dutch pharmacopoeia, Zingiber rhizome (root ginger rhizome zingiberis-) shaped bulbs zingerber officinale contains 6% ingredients of drugs that are often used as a drug formulation or as an official drug in 23 countries. according to a priority list of who, ginger is a plant medicine that is widely used in the world. in malaysia country, the Philippines and Indonesia has been found therapeutis avail.

according to some references, both scientific journals and popular magazines, explained that ginger can avoid and cure migraines, hepatotoxic, burns, headaches, lowering cholesterol, arthritis medication, peptic ulcers, antidepressants, and cure impotence. even so, all the benefits of ginger is still not enough scientific evidence, to take the scientific test done as well.

containing compounds in ginger there are 2 classes of compounds according to evaporate easily, which is the compound of volatile (easy to evaporate) as well as from the non-volatile. resulting compounds above a spicy non-volatile compounds.

when we grind seruas ginger, it can arise a strong aroma, and when we breathe can give a warm situation in our noses. This distinctive scent comes from essential oils contained therein. astiri oil is a volatile compound or evaporates easily, until it smells wafted by our noses. This oil also resulted in a distinctive ginger flavor. ginger essential oils in a blend of terpenoids compounds comprising sesquiterpene compounds, zingiberena, bisabolena, cineol, citral, zingiberal (some are calling zingiberol, but they are not the same compound; zingiberal contains the aldehyde group, but the group contains zingiberol hydroxide,-oh), felandren (phellandrena), borneol, sitronellol, geranial, linalool, limonene, kamfena. essential oils contained in the ginger to 3 percent.
besides that, there is also another matter content, such as: substance oleoresin (gingerol, shogaol), phenolic compounds (there are sources who called polyphenols) (gingeol, zingeron), a proteolytic enzyme (zingibain) (www. friedli. com), 8, 6 percent protein, 6, 4 percent fat, 5, 9% fiber, 66, 5% carbohydrates, 5, 7% ash, calcium 0, 1%, phosphorus 0, 15 per cent, iron 0, 011%, 0 sodium, 03 %, potassium, 4%, vit. a 175 iu/100 g, vit. b1 0, 05 mg/100 g, vit. b2 0, 13 mg/100 g, niacin, 9% and vit. c 12 mg/100g (www. herbal-home-remedies. org). in ginger, there is also the content of organic acids like malic acid which is often said to be a sour apple; coohch2ch (oh) COOH; hidroksibutanadioat acid, and oxalic acid.

compounds in ginger oleoresin is used as an active ingredient to cure cough, fever, and analgesics. you remember the ads on tv that show someone who audition idol, she kept coughing and continued eating ginger candy, and furthermore can sing smoothly. that perhaps the impact of oleoresin.

chemical constituents

compound limonene (1-methyl-4-prop-1-en-2-yl-cyclohexene)
compound with a molecular weight of 136, 24 g / mol, density 0, 8411 g/cm3, melting point -95, 20c as well as countless 1760c boiling point in terpene class. This compound smells like oranges. r-limonene is used as an insecticide tanamaan. but the s-limonene fragrance sebgai used in cleaning products. limonene is very commonly used in products kosmestik.

kamfena (3, 3-dimethyl-2-methylene-norkamfana)
kamfena bicyclic monoterpenes accounting class that evaporates at temperatures as well as the area pungent or spicy. kamfena can lose weight, increase the weight of the liver and has no mutagenic effects (www. wikipedia. com).

sitral (3, 7-dimethyl-2, 6-oktadienal)
sitral is a terpenoid compound where the trans isomer named geranial, but its cis isomer named neral. geranial lemon smell stronger than neral. not only used as flavorings, sitral also has strong antimicrobial activity, used for the synthesis of vit. a as well as the impact of pheromones in insects (www. wikipedia. com).
shogaol compounds
responsible shogaol in ginger benefits that can increase body temperature. shogaol increase the concentration of intracellular calcium. 10-shogaol is a component that is not spicy ginger but adds adrenaline secretion activation of TRPV1 (transient receptor potential vanilloid subtype) (Iwasaki, et al, 2006). however, 6 shogaol reduce inflammation in the knees and make the protection of the cartilage on the femur of damage (Levy, et al, 2006).


taken from the site (blog) that bimbelbestteacher: Chinese scientists with experiments found that ginger has a strengthening effect on the stomach where soft ginger to stimulate the stomach and intestines. research with animals has shown that ginger has anti-inflammatory activity and analgesic effects. In India, ginger is used to cure cold, nausea, asthma, cough, colic, dipsepsia, rheumatism and loss of appetite. studies in Japan show that ginger has a tonic effect on the liver. ginger can lower blood pressure restricts blood flow in the peripheral body. study after it indicating that ginger may lower cholesterol levels urangi cholesterol absorption in the blood and liver (www. ch. ic. ac. uk / local / projects / lyerwebsites / medicine. html). give evidence to support that ginger lowers the suffering and the perceived duration of nausea after chemotherapy or after surgery. Preliminary study recommends that the safe and efficient ginger for nausea and vomiting in pregnancy when used with the recommended dose of less than 5 days (www. drug and medicine. com). Ginger produces nausea and antimabuk action due to anticholinergic effects of antihistamines and the peripheral and central. substance of spicy ginger release substance P from sensory fibers. substance P is released and histaminicneurin to stimulate cholinergic and histamine release ach singly or produce muscle contraction immediately activate receptors m and h1 with correspondence. This has the objective so that after m excited by substance p, m and h1 receptor inactive for a while and could not be excited by agonists. because that ginger blocks the action of anticholinergic and antihistaminic (qian, d.'s, and Liu, z.'s, 1992). ginger rhizome is also used to cure colds, cure cholera, diphtheria, neuropathy as well as an antidote to snake venom (Heyne, 1987), alcohol addiction, as an antacid, antifungal, antioxidant, anticonvulsant, antiviral, aphrodisiac, cure arthritis, atherosclerosis, stiffness in foot, dysentery, baldness, bile secretion problems, as blood thinning, cure bronchitis, bleeding, skin burns, cancer, depression, diarrhea, dismenorrhea (painful menstruation), flu, gonarthritis, liver disease, as the immune stimulant, the drug Helicobacter pylori infection, impotence, increase drug absorption and metabolism, as an insecticide, intestinal parasite medications, kidney disease, mosquito, cure psoriasis on the skin, migraine, malaria, soreness reduction, drug hypothermia due to serotonin, abdominal pain, stomach pain, tract infection breathing, as toothpaste (www. drug andmedicine. com), anti-inflammatory drugs, arthritis and migraine headaches (Heyne, 1987), pain medication, out of gas from the stomach, eczema, skin fungus, sprains, vitiligo, ulcers, worm disease bracelets and itching due to insect bites (www. asiamaya. com). Ginger may act as stomach pain medications and arthritis due to ginger contains as many nutrients like vit., b1, c, amino acids and so on. (Www. indohafi. Com). ginger essential oil contains bisabolena, sineol, phellandrena, citral, borneol, sitronellol, geranial, linalool, limonene, zingiberol, zingiberena, kamfena (www. friedli. com). according to research done by khotimah, 1996 regarding the analgesic effects of essential oils and ethanol extract of ginger rhizome with writhin test methods in mice mus musculus means that the essential oils contained in ginger has an analgesic effect that is stronger than the ethanol extract of ginger with oil content The same volatile. Ginger has a high antioxidant content. antioxidant activity of ginger oleoresin due. This makes ginger acts as a free radical catcher. This means ginger has anti-inflammatory activity, antimutagenic (www. friedli. com), can make the protection of fat / membranes from oxidation, inhibit the oxidation of cholesterol and increase immune (www. indohafi. com). besides that, oleoresin of ginger contains gingerol and shogaol often found in antitussive, antiflatullen and antacid compounds (www. drugandmedicine. com). combination of stimulating blood circulation and cause sweating ginger stir into peripheral blood. This makes fitting ginger as a remedy for chills, fever and high blood pressure (srivastava, et al, 1964). platelet aggregation by blocking the ginger can avoid heart attacks and strokes (srivastava, et al, 1964). ginger administration in patients with coronary artery disease resulting in these patients led to a decrease in platelet aggregation (bordia, a, 1997). magnesium, calcium and phosphorus in unison role in bone formation, muscle contraction and nerve transmission. The high mineral content in the ginger to make ginger as a remedy fitting muscle spasms, depression, hypertension, muscle weakness, confusion, personality changes, nausea, lack of coordination, and gastrointestinal disease. high content of potassium in ginger can make the body protection from cold, paralysis, sterility, muscle weakness, mental lethargy, confusion, kidney damage and liver damage. Potassium also regulates blood pressure and heart rate. The following partial compounds contained in ginger:. linalool (2, 6-dimethyl-2, 7-oktadien-6-ol) is a terpene alcohol linalool that goes with the natural. This is used as a scent in soaps, detergents, shampoos and lotions. This is also used as chemical intermediates. downstream product of linalool common is vit. e. linalool molecular weight of 154, 25 g / mol. melting point of 20 degrees Celsius. boiling point of 198-199 degrees Celsius. solubility in water of, 589 g / l (www. wikipedia. com). 2 arrangement. gingerol ((s)-5-hydroxy-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-dekanon) gingerol or 6-gingerol is the active constituent of fresh ginger. gingerol can be found as a pungent yellow oil as well as crystalline solids with low melting point. Cooking ginger gingerol change so zingeron a less pungent and has a sweet aroma. gingerol can reduce the nausea that being drunk or pregnancy and can also reduce migraine. gingerol molecular weight of 294, 38 g / mol. melting point of 30-32 degrees Celsius. (Www. wikipedia. Com). gingerol composition of natural transformations with heat can be shogaol, paradol (from hydrogenation shogaol) and zingeron. (Www. chem. Uwimona. Edu. Jm: 1104/lectures/ginger. Html).




zingiberena
zingiberena is a monocyclic sesquiterpene constituting the dominant ginger oil (www. wikipedia. com). 10. phellandrena phellandrena is the name for a pair of organic compounds that have a similar molecular structure and similar chemical character, ie, α;-phellandrena and β;-phellandrena. phellandrena used as flavor concentrates (www. wikipedia. com).



borneol
borneol is something bicyclic terpene and organic compounds. borneol so easily oxidized to produce ketone camphor. borneol is used in traditional Chinese healing as moxa (www. wikipedia. com).


As for the benefits of ginger include:
. phenol content in the form of anti-inflammatory and what is has been proven in studies to relieve arthritis and muscle strain. in china healing system, ginger is also used to handle due to menstrual cramps.
2. Ginger can be shown to be beneficial as karminativum or can stimulate the release of gas from the stomach to be able to cure colds.
3. character that warms the body also recognized reduce nausea, cough and flu signs easy.
4. Another study said, protease and lipase enzyme content contained in ginger instrumental break down proteins and fats. these enzymes that help digest and absorb foods to increase appetite.
5. Ginger also makes the digestive system protection by reducing gastric acidity. compound acetone (actually I doubt with acetone, because not react with acid) and methanol in ginger can also hinder the ongoing irritation of the digestive tract. because acetone and methanol can react with stomach acid (HCL; hydrochloric acid). reaction in methanol with an acid chloride substitution reaction oh groups with cluster cl
boondoggle, stomach pain ginger consumption can be reduced. inflammation in arthritis / rheumatoid arthritis can also be overcome by consuming lots of ginger because ginger inhibits the production of prostaglandin, a hormone in the body that can cause inflammation.
6. stimulates the release of adrenaline that can widen blood vessels so warm up the body, blood flows more smoothly and naturally decrease blood pressure.
7. Ginger also contains cineole and arginine compounds which can handle early ejaculation. These compounds also stimulate an erection, avoid sterility and strengthen the endurance of sperm. when the last one is not dubbed as an aphrodisiac food or sex drive booster foods, not just special?
8. cure ovarian cancer, ginger is among an efficient weapon in the treatment of ovarian cancer.
9. avoid colon cancer, because ginger can also slow the development of some colorectal cancer cells.
10. treatment of nausea due to pregnancy, the results of most studies show review, ginger is just as effective as vit. b6 in dealing with pregnancy induced nausea.
11. relieve migraine, studies get, ginger can relieve migraine pain by stopping work step prostaglandins, triggers pain and inflammation of the blood vessels.
12. avoid the pain of diabetes, something that studies done in rats diabetic patients get, natural ginger mice obtained concerning reduction of pain due to diabetes.

ginger on the market packaged in a capsule form that contains 500 mg of powdered ginger or ginger in the form of crystals. in asia, in the form of processed ginger brewed beverages or confectionery. but in Indonesia can be found in the form of ginger brewed beverages as well as in the component herbs. partly the result of processing another ginger on the market, namely:
• fresh ginger
• Dry ginger
• pickled ginger
• ginger powder
• ginger oil
• ginger oleoresin